Sprains are often a result of a stretched ligament, usually caused by a twisted or pulled joint, such as an ankle or wrist. Sprains can be painful and will often cause bruising because of the small blood vessel and fiber damage. The injury will continue to worsen unless it is kept immobile. However, there are some things you can do to help keep the sprain from progressing to a more difficult to manage state.

Rest

It seems obvious, but you should keep your injured joint as still as possible. Internal bleeding could continue for up to 24 hours so you should keep the joint as rested as possible for first 48 hours after the injury. Try to keep the injured area from adjusting at all. Prop it on a pillow or keep it in a sling while sleeping, etc.

Protection

Keep the spot protected by a wrap, brace, splint or sling.

Ice

Limit the bleeding and therefore bruising by applying ice. Put ice cubes in a freezer bag and place on the strained area. You should wrap the bag with a light towel before placing on your injury to avoid skin damage. Remove the ice long before the skin becomes white or hard. Suggestions include applying ice in 15 minute intervals. 15 on, 15 off, etc.

Compression

To help protect the injury, compress it with a bandage. Be sure to monitor the area around the bandage. Remove and contact your doctor if it becomes blue or icy.

Elevation

Keep the injured area pointing upwards instead of downwards. Pointing it downwards may cause fluid buildup and clotting to occur.

If the pain does not subside you can take over-the-counter pain medications, such as Ibuprofen or Advil for extra relief. If swelling and pain does not subside after a few days you should contact your physician and see additional medical assistance.